Chicory Root Inulin
211 mg · 38 times under a trial dose
First and largest on the panel, with the species printed in full: <i>Cichorium intybus</i>, root. It is a real prebiotic fibre with a real literature. The literature is in grams. The systematic review we read describes a trial using 8 grams a day; this capsule carries 211 milligrams.
Potato Resistant Starch
100 mg · 450 times under a trial dose
Declared as <i>Potato [Resistant Starch] (tuber)</i>. The satiety trial we read gave 45 grams a day for twelve weeks and concluded it did not increase satiety or reduce appetite. That trial used 450 times what is in this capsule, and it found nothing.
Probiotic Blend
36 mg · a proprietary blend
Three organisms under one total weight. Under 21 CFR 101.36(c) that is entirely legal: a blend declares its total and lists its ingredients in descending order by weight, and individual amounts are not required. It is also the only ingredient on this label whose amounts you cannot read.
Bifidobacterium infantis
no strain, no count
A species with genuine clinical work behind it, where the work is attached to specific strains carrying numbers. Without a strain designation there is no way to tell whether the organism in this capsule is the one that was studied. NCCIH is explicit that one kind of a genus behaving a certain way does not mean another kind will.
Clostridium butyricum
no strain, no count
A butyrate-producing organism used as a probiotic in some markets, again in named, numbered strains. The genus <i>Clostridium</i> also contains species nobody wants, which is precisely why a strain designation on the label would be worth having here.
Akkermansia muciniphila
no strain, no count, live or pasteurized not stated
The interesting one, and the one with the clearest published dose. The Nature Medicine trial we read gave 10<sup>10</sup> bacteria a day for three months, in both live and pasteurized form, to 32 people who completed it, and called itself a proof-of-concept study. This label gives a weight in milligrams for three organisms combined.
Hypromellose
capsule shell
The vegetarian capsule shell, printed on the other-ingredients line. This is why the vegetarian mark on the listing is supportable rather than an assertion.
Microcrystalline cellulose
bulking agent
A standard filler. Worth noticing only because the listing also carries a 100% Natural Ingredients roundel, and this is a manufactured excipient.
Magnesium stearate
flow agent
A standard manufacturing aid that stops powder sticking to machinery. Ordinary, disclosed, and not natural in any meaningful sense of the word.
Silica
anti-caking agent
The fourth item on the other-ingredients line. Also ordinary, also disclosed, also not what most people picture when a roundel says 100% natural.